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Encounters: The UFO Phenomenon, Exposed!
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Encounters - The UFO Phenomenon, Exposed (1995).iso
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1995-10-20
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9/23/93: NASA RESEARCHERS RECORD UNUSUAL FLASHES IN UPPER ATMOSPHERE
Paula Cleggett-Haleim
Headquarters, Washington, D.C. September 23, 1993
Kathy Berry
Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
RELEASE: 93-167
Unexpected, huge flashes of light in the upper atmosphere that may affect
atmospheric ozone and present potential problems for high-altitude research
planes have been recorded by NASA researchers.
The flashes occurred above a severe thunderstorm in the Midwest this
summer and were recorded on video taken with a special low-light-level, all-
sky camera aboard NASA's DC-8 Airborne Laboratory, based at Ames Research
Center, Mountain View, Calif. The DC-8 flew along side of the line of
thunderstorms at an altitude of approximately 40,000 feet (12,192 meters).
Professors Davis Sentman and Eugene Wescott, from the Geophysical
Institute of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, released preliminary data on
the flashes this week.
Their video captured 19 examples of huge flashes of light that appear
above storm clouds and extend up into the upper atmosphere. The flashes,
which last for less than 1/30th of a second, are estimated to be about 25
miles (40 km) tall, 6 miles (9.66 km) wide, and greater than 240 cubic miles
(1,000 cubic kilometers) in volume. Most scientists previously did not know
such flashes existed.
"In form, they look like carrots or tall jellyfish," Wescott said. One
flash was recorded for about every 300 cloud-to-ground lightning strikes
during the NASA mission, which flew over Kansas, Iowa, and Nebraska between 10
p.m. and midnight on July 8.
Since the flashes are associated with thunderstorms and lightning,
scientists suspect the flashes may be a form of electrical discharge. If so,
the flashes could present a concern to high-altitude research aircraft and
could be responsible for creating a host of chemical reactions in the upper
atmosphere, including modifications of upper atmospheric ozone.
Other theories suggest that the flashes could be glow discharges similar
to light emanating from a neon tube or possibly a more passive phenomenon
involving the absorption of naturally occurring ultraviolet light or x-rays.
More research is needed before scientists can understand what causes these
flashes.
Most flashes did not appear to come directly from the storm below. "They
appeared to be disconnected from the clouds. There usually was a gap between
the clouds and the flashes," Wescott said.
Pilots and other sky watchers have reported seeing momentary flashes above
thunderstorm clouds as early as 1886, but these rare sightings generally were
ignored by the science community because these sightings were undocumented and
unexpected. Sentman's and Wescott's research indicates that the flashes may
not be as rare as previously thought.
"For years, it has been believed that the area in which these flashes
occur is quiet, calm, tame, almost boring," Sentman said.
Sentman and Wescott suspected otherwise. Their interest in the
phenomenon, originally referred to as "upward propagating lightning," grew in
1989 when University of Minnesota researchers happened to record unusual
illuminations on a video taken with a ground-based television camera.
Other upper atmospheric flashes have been identified by researchers at
NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala., after searching through
video recordings of thunderstorm activity made during several Space Shuttle
missions.
The research of Sentman and Wescott was sponsored by NASA's Space Physics
Division, Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C.
- END OF FILE -
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